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The X Resize, Rotate and Reflect Extension Version 1.6.0 2017-04-01 Jim Gettys Jim.Gettys@hp.com Cambridge Research Laboratory HP Labs Hewlett Packard Company Keith Packard keithp@keithp.com 1. Introduction The X Resize, Rotate and Reflect Extension, called RandR for short, brings the ability to resize, rotate and reflect the root window of a screen. It is based on the X Resize and Rotate Extension as specified in the Proceedings of the 2001 Usenix Technical Conference [RANDR]. RandR as implemented and integrated into the X server differs in one substantial fashion from the design discussed in that paper: that is, RandR 1.0 does not implement the depth switching described in that document, and the support described for that in the protocol in that document and in the implementation has been removed from the protocol described here, as it has been overtaken by events. These events include: ► Modern toolkits (in this case, GTK+ 2.x) have progressed to the point of implementing migration between screens of arbitrary depths ► The continued advance of Moore's law has made limited amounts of VRAM less of an issue, reducing the pressure to implement depth switching on laptops or desktop systems ► The continued decline of legacy toolkits whose design would have required depth switching to support migration ► The lack of depth switching implementation experience in the intervening time, due to events beyond our control Additionally, the requirement to support depth switching might complicate other re-engineering of the device independent part of the X server that is currently being contemplated. Rather than further delaying RandR's widespread deployment for a feature long wanted by the community (resizing of screens, particularly on laptops), or the deployment of a protocol design that might be flawed due to lack of implementation experience, we decided to remove depth switching from the protocol. It may be implemented at a later time if resources and interests permit as a revision to the protocol described here, which will remain a stable base for applications. The protocol described here has been implemented in the main X.org server, and more fully in the hw/kdrive implementation in the distribution, which fully implements resizing, rotation and reflection. 1.2 Introduction to version 1.2 of the extension One of the significant limitations found in version 1.1 of the RandR protocol was the inability to deal with the Xinerama model where multiple monitors display portions of a common underlying screen. In this environment, zero or more video outputs are associated with each CRT controller which defines both a set of video timings and a 'viewport' within the larger screen. This viewport is independent of the overall size of the screen, and may be located anywhere within the screen. The effect is to decouple the reported size of the screen from the size presented by each video output, and to permit multiple outputs to present information for a single screen. To extend RandR for this model, we separate out the output, CRTC and screen configuration information and permit them to be configured separately. For compatibility with the 1.1 version of the protocol, we make the 1.1 requests simultaneously affect both the screen and the (presumably sole) CRTC and output. The set of available outputs are presented with UTF-8 encoded names and may be connected to CRTCs as permitted by the underlying hardware. CRTC configuration is now done with full mode information instead of just size and refresh rate, and these modes have names. These names also use UTF-8 encoding. New modes may also be added by the user. Additional requests and events are provided for this new functionality. ┌────────────────────────────────┬──────────┐ ┏━━━━━━━┳───────────────┐ ╔════════╗ ╔════════╗ ┃ 1 ┃ │ ║ A ║ ║ B ║ ┃ ┏━━━╋━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┫ ║ ║ ║ ║ ┣━━━╋━━━┛ ┃ ╚════════╝ ╚════════╝ │ ┃ 2 ┃─────────────────┐ │ ┃ ┃ ╔═══════════════════╗ │ ┃ ┃ ║ ║ │ ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┫ ║ C ║ └───────────────────────┘ ║ ║ ┌──────┐ ┏━━━━┓ ╔══════╗ ║ ║ │screen│ ┃CRTC┃ ║output║ ╚═══════════════════╝ └──────┘ ┗━━━━┛ ╚══════╝ In this picture, the screen is covered (incompletely) by two CRTCs. CRTC1 is connected to two outputs, A and B. CRTC2 is connected to output C. Outputs A and B will present exactly the same region of the screen using the same mode line. Output C will present a different (larger) region of the screen using a different mode line. RandR provides information about each available CRTC and output; the connection between CRTC and output is under application control, although the hardware will probably impose restrictions on the possible configurations. The protocol doesn't try to describe these restrictions, instead it provides a mechanism to find out what combinations are supported. 1.3 Introduction to version 1.3 of the extension Version 1.3 builds on the changes made with version 1.2 and adds some new capabilities without fundamentally changing the extension again. The following features are added in this version: • Projective Transforms. The implementation work for general rotation support made it trivial to add full projective transformations. These can be used to scale the screen up/down as well as perform projector keystone correct or other effects. • Panning. It was removed with RandR 1.2 because the old semantics didn't fit any longer. With RandR 1.3 panning can be specified per crtc. 1.4 Introduction to version 1.4 of the extension Version 1.4 adds an optional Border property. • An optional Border property. This property allows a client to specify that the viewport of the CRTC is smaller than the active display region described its mode. This is useful, for example, for compensating for the overscan behavior of certain televisions. Version 1.4 adds a new object called a provider object. A provider object represents a GPU or virtual device providing services to the X server. Providers have a set of abilities and a set of possible roles. Provider objects are used to control multi-GPU systems. Provider roles can be dynamically configured to provide support for: 1) Output slaving: plug in a USB device, but have its output rendered using the main GPU. On some dual-GPU laptops, the second GPU isn't connected to the LVDS panel, so we need to use the first GPU as an output slave for the second GPU. 2) offload - For dual-GPU laptops, allow direct rendered applications to be run on the second GPU and display on the first GPU. 3) GPU switching - Allow switching between two GPUs as the main screen renderer. 4) multiple GPU rendering - This replaces Xinerama. 1.5. Introduction to version 1.5 of the extension Version 1.5 adds an optional TILE property to outputs. • An optional TILE property. This property is used to denote individual tiles in a tiled monitor configuration, as exposed via DisplayID v1.3. Version 1.5 adds monitors • A 'Monitor' is a rectangular subset of the screen which represents a coherent collection of pixels presented to the user. • Each Monitor is associated with a list of outputs (which may be empty). • When clients define monitors, the associated outputs are removed from existing Monitors. If removing the output causes the list for that monitor to become empty, that monitor will be deleted. • For active CRTCs that have no output associated with any client-defined Monitor, one server-defined monitor will automatically be defined of the first Output associated with them. • When defining a monitor, setting the geometry to all zeros will cause that monitor to dynamically track the bounding box of the active outputs associated with them This new object separates the physical configuration of the hardware from the logical subsets of the screen that applications should consider as single viewable areas. 1.5.1. Relationship between Monitors and Xinerama Xinerama's information now comes from the Monitors instead of directly from the CRTCs. The Monitor marked as Primary will be listed first. 1.5.2. Clarification of Output lifetimes With dynamic connectors being a possibility with the introduction of DisplayPort multistream (MST), a lot of RandR clients can't handle the XID BadMatch when a RandR output disappears. This is to clarify that going forward the X server will not remove outputs dynamically, just mark them as disconnected. 1.6. Introduction to version 1.6 of the extension Version 1.6 adds resource leasing and non desktop output management. • A “Lease” is a collection of crtcs and outputs which are made available to a client for direct access via kernel KMS and DRM APIs. This is done by passing a suitable file descriptor back to the client which has access to those resources. While leased, those resources aren't used by the X server. • A “non-desktop” output is a device which should not normally be considered as part of the desktop environment. Head-mounted displays and the Apple "Touch Bar" are examples of such devices. A desktop environment should be able to discover which outputs are connected to such devices and, by default, not present normal desktop applications on them. This is done by having RRGetOutputInfo report such devices as Disconnected while reporting all other information about the device correctly. 1.99 Acknowledgments Our thanks to the contributors to the design found on the xpert mailing list, in particular: Alan Hourihane for work on the early implementation Andrew C. Aitchison for help with the XFree86 DDX implementation Andy Ritger for early questions about how mergefb/Xinerama work with RandR Carl Worth for editing the specification and Usenix paper David Dawes for XFree86 DDX integration work Thomas Winischhofer for the hardware-accelerated SiS rotation implementation Matthew Tippett and Kevin Martin for splitting outputs and CRTCs to more fully expose what video hardware can do Dave Airlie for the 1.4.0 protocol changes and for working through the implications of MST monitors and encouraging the introduction of the 'Monitor' concept. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 2. Screen change model Screens may change dynamically, either under control of this extension, or due to external events. Examples include: monitors being swapped, pressing a button to switch from internal display to an external monitor on a laptop, or, eventually, the hotplug of a display card entirely on buses such as Cardbus or Express Card which permit hot-swap (which will require other work in addition to this extension). Since the screen configuration is dynamic and asynchronous to the client and may change at any time RandR provides mechanisms to ensure that your clients view is up to date with the configuration possibilities of the moment and enforces applications that wish to control the configuration to prove that their information is up to date before honoring requests to change the screen configuration (by requiring a timestamp on the request). Interested applications are notified whenever the screen configuration changes, providing the current size of the screen and subpixel order (see the Render extension [RENDER]), to enable proper rendering of subpixel decimated client text to continue, along with a time stamp of the configuration change. A client must refresh its knowledge of the screen configuration before attempting to change the configuration after a notification, or the request will fail. To avoid multiplicative explosion between orientation, reflection and sizes, the sizes are only those sizes in the normal (0) rotation. Rotation and reflection and how they interact can be confusing. In Randr, the coordinate system is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction relative to the normal orientation. Reflection is along the window system coordinate system, not the physical screen X and Y axis, so that rotation and reflection do not interact. The other way to consider reflection is to is specified in the "normal" orientation, before rotation, if you find the other way confusing. We expect that most clients and toolkits will be oblivious to changes to the screen structure, as they generally use the values in the connections Display structure directly. By toolkits updating the values on the fly, we believe pop-up menus and other pop up windows will position themselves correctly in the face of screen configuration changes (the issue is ensuring that pop-ups are visible on the reconfigured screen). ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 3. Data Types The subpixel order and transform data types are shared with the Render extension, and are documented there. The only datatype defined in the original extension is the screen size, defined in the normal (0 degree) orientation. Several more are added in later revisions. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 4. Errors Errors are sent using core X error reports. Output A value for an OUTPUT argument does not name a defined OUTPUT. CRTC A value for a CRTC argument does not name a defined CRTC. Mode A value for a MODE argument does not name a defined MODE. Provider A value for a PROVIDER argument does not name a defined PROVIDER. Lease A value for a LEASE argument does not name a defined LEASE ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 5. Protocol Types RRCONFIGSTATUS { Success InvalidConfigTime InvalidTime Failed } A value of type RRCONFIGSTATUS returned when manipulating the output configuration or querying information from the server that has some time-dependency. InvalidConfigTime indicates that the supplied configuration timestamp does not match the current X server configuration timestamp. Usually this means that the output configuration has changed since the timestamp was received by the application. InvalidTime indicates that the supplied output reconfiguration time is earlier than the most recent output reconfiguration request. Generally this indicates that another application has reconfigured the output using a later timestamp. Failed is returned whenever the operation is unsuccessful for some other reason. This generally indicates that the requested output configuration is unsupported by the hardware. The goal is to make these limitations expressed by the protocol, but when that isn't possible it is correct to return this error value. If, as a implementer, you find this error code required, please submit the hardware constraints that exist so that a future version of the extension can correctly capture the configuration constraints in your system. ROTATION { Rotate_0 Rotate_90 Rotate_180 Rotate_270 Reflect_X Reflect_Y } These values are used both to indicate a set of allowed rotations and reflections as well as to indicate a specific rotation and reflection combination. RRSELECTMASK { RRScreenChangeNotifyMask RRCrtcChangeNotifyMask (New in version 1.2) RROutputChangeNotifyMask (New in version 1.2) RROutputPropertyNotifyMask (New in version 1.2) RRProviderChangeNotifyMask (New in version 1.4) RRProviderPropertyNotifyMask (New in version 1.4) RRResourceChangeNotifyMask (New in version 1.4) } SIZEID { CARD16 } MODE { XID or None } CRTC { XID } OUTPUT { XID } CONNECTION { Connected, Disconnected, UnknownConnection } This value provides an indication of whether an output is actually connected to a monitor or other presentation device. SCREENSIZE [ widthInPixels, heightInPixels: CARD16 widthInMillimeters, heightInMillimeters: CARD16 ] MODEFLAG { HSyncPositive HSyncNegative VSyncPositive VSyncNegative Interlace DoubleScan CSync CSyncPositive CSyncNegative HSkewPresent BCast PixelMultiplex DoubleClock ClockDivideBy2 } MODEINFO [ id: MODE name: STRING width, height: CARD16 dotClock: CARD32 hSyncStart, hSyncEnd, hTotal, hSkew: CARD16 vSyncStart, vSyncEnd, vTotal: CARD16 modeFlags: SETofMODEFLAG ] REFRESH [ rates: LISTofCARD16 ] ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 5.1 Data Types defined by the Render extension These data types use the Render extension definitions; they are shown here only for convenience: SUBPIXELORDER { SubPixelUnknown SubPixelHorizontalRGB SubPixelHorizontalBGR SubPixelVerticalRGB SubPixelVerticalBGR SubPixelNone } FIXED 32-bit value (top 16 are integer portion, bottom 16 are fraction) TRANSFORM [ p11, p12, p13: FIXED p21, p22, p23: FIXED p31, p32, p33: FIXED ] ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 5.5. Protocol Types added in version 1.4 of the extension PROVIDER { XID } PROVIDER_CAPS { SourceOutput, SinkOutput, SourceOffload, SinkOffload } Capabilities for this provider: SourceOutput: This device can source output buffers. SinkOutput: This device can sink output buffers. SourceOffload: This device can source offload buffers. SinkOffload: This device can sink offload buffers. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 5.6. Protocol Types added in version 1.5 of the extension MONITORINFO { name: ATOM primary: BOOL automatic: BOOL x: INT16 y: INT16 width: CARD16 height: CARD16 width-in-millimeters: CARD32 height-in-millimeters: CARD32 outputs: LISTofOUTPUT } ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 5.7. Protocol Types added in version 1.6 of the extension LEASE { XID } ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 6. Extension Initialization The name of this extension is "RANDR". ┌─── RRQueryVersion client-major-version: CARD32 client-minor-version: CARD32 ▶ major-version: CARD32 minor-version: CARD32 └─── The client sends the highest supported version to the server and the server sends the highest version it supports, but no higher than the requested version. Major versions changes can introduce incompatibilities in existing functionality, minor version changes introduce only backward compatible changes. It is the clients responsibility to ensure that the server supports a version which is compatible with its expectations. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 7. Extension Requests ┌─── RRSelectInput window: WINDOW enable: SETofRRSELECTMASK └─── Errors: Window, Value If 'enable' is RRScreenChangeNotifyMask, RRScreenChangeNotify events will be sent when the screen configuration changes, either from this protocol extension, or due to detected external screen configuration changes. RRScreenChangeNotify may also be sent when this request executes if the screen configuration has changed since the client connected, to avoid race conditions. New for version 1.2: If 'enable' contains RRCrtcChangeNotifyMask, RRCrtcChangeNotify events will be sent when the configuration for a CRTC associated with the screen changes, either through this protocol extension or due to detected external changes. RRCrtcChangeNotify may also be sent when this request executes if the CRTC configuration has changed since the client connected, to avoid race conditions. If 'enable' contains RROutputChangeNotifyMask, RROutputChangeNotify events will be sent when the configuration for an output associated with the screen changes, either through this protocol extension or due to detected external changes. RROutputChangeNotify may also be sent when this request executes if the output configuration has changed since the client connected, to avoid race conditions. If 'enable' contains RROutputPropertyNotifyMask, RROutputPropertyNotify events will be sent when properties change on this output. New for version 1.4: If 'enable' contains RRProviderChangeNotifyMask, RRProviderChangeNotify events will be sent whenever the role for a provider object has changed. If 'enable' contains RRProviderPropertyNotifyMask, RRProviderPropertyNotify events will be sent when properties change on a provider object. If 'enable' contains RRResourceChangeNotifyMask, RRResourceChangeNotify events will be sent whenever the set of available RandR resources associated with the screen has changed. ┌─── RRSetScreenConfig window: WINDOW timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP size-id: SIZEID rotation: ROTATION rate: CARD16 ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS new-timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP root: WINDOW subpixelOrder: SUBPIXELORDER └─── Errors: Value, Match If 'timestamp' is less than the time when the configuration was last successfully set, the request is ignored and InvalidTime returned in status. If 'config-timestamp' is not equal to when the server's screen configurations last changed, the request is ignored and InvalidConfigTime returned in status. This could occur if the screen changed since you last made a RRGetScreenInfo request, perhaps by a different piece of display hardware being installed. Rather than allowing an incorrect call to be executed based on stale data, the server will ignore the request. 'rate' contains the desired refresh rate. If it is zero, the server selects an appropriate rate. This request may fail for other indeterminate reasons, in which case 'status' will be set to Failed and no configuration change will be made. This request sets the screen to the specified size, rate, rotation and reflection. When this request succeeds, 'status' contains Success and the requested changes to configuration will have been made. 'new-time-stamp' contains the time at which this request was executed. 'config-timestamp' contains the time when the possible screen configurations were last changed. 'root' contains the root window for the screen indicated by the window. 'subpixelOrder' contains the resulting subpixel order of the screen to allow correct subpixel rendering. Value errors are generated when 'rotation', 'rate' or 'size-id' are invalid. ┌─── RRGetScreenInfo window: WINDOW ▶ rotations: SETofROTATION root: WINDOW timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP size-id: SIZEID rotation: ROTATION rate: CARD16 sizes: LISTofSCREENSIZE refresh: LISTofREFRESH └─── Errors: Window RRGetScreenInfo returns information about the current and available configurations for the screen associated with 'window'. 'rotations' contains the set of rotations and reflections supported by the screen. 'root' is the root window of the screen. 'config-timestamp' indicates when the screen configuration information last changed: requests to set the screen will fail unless the timestamp indicates that the information the client is using is up to date, to ensure clients can be well behaved in the face of race conditions. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'size-id' indicates which size is active. 'rate' is the current refresh rate. This is zero when the refresh rate is unknown or on devices for which refresh is not relevant. 'sizes' is the list of possible frame buffer sizes (at the normal orientation). Each size indicates both the linear physical size of the screen and the pixel size. 'refresh' is the list of refresh rates for each size. Each element of 'sizes' has a corresponding element in 'refresh'. An empty list indicates no known rates, or a device for which refresh is not relevant. The default size of the screen (the size that would become the current size when the server resets) is the first size in the list. 7.1. Extension Requests added in version 1.2 of the extension As introduced above, version 1.2 of the extension splits the screen size from the crtc and output configuration, permitting the subset of the screen presented by multiple outputs to be configured. As a separate notion, the size of the screen itself may be arbitrarily configured within a defined range. As crtcs and outputs are added and removed from the system, the set returned by the extension will change so that applications can detect dynamic changes in the display environment. ┌─── RRGetScreenSizeRange window: WINDOW ▶ CARD16 minWidth, minHeight CARD16 maxWidth, maxHeight └─── Errors: Window Returns the range of possible screen sizes. The screen may be set to any size within this range. ┌─── RRSetScreenSize window: WINDOW width: CARD16 height: CARD16 width-in-millimeters: CARD32 height-in-millimeters: CARD32 └─── Errors: Window, Match, Value Sets the screen to the specified size. 'width' and 'height' must be within the range allowed by GetScreenSizeRanges, otherwise a Value error results. All active monitors must be configured to display a subset of the specified size, else a Match error results. 'width-in-millimeters' and 'height-in-millimeters' can be set to reflect the physical size of the screen reported both through this extension and the core protocol. They must be non-zero, or Value error results. If panning is enabled, the width and height of the panning and the tracking areas are adapted to the new size and clamped afterwards. Disabled panning axes remain disabled. Panning borders are disabled if their requirements are no longer met (see RRSetPanning). ┌─── RRGetScreenResources window: WINDOW ▶ timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP crtcs: LISTofCRTC outputs: LISTofOUTPUT modes: LISTofMODEINFO └─── Errors: Window RRGetScreenResources returns the list of outputs and crtcs connected to the screen associated with 'window'. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'config-timestamp' indicates when the configuration information last changed. Requests to configure the output will fail unless the timestamp indicates that the information the client is using is up to date, to ensure clients can be well behaved in the face of race conditions. 'crtcs' contains the list of CRTCs associated with the screen. 'outputs' contains the list of outputs associated with the screen. 'modes' contains the list of modes associated with the screen This request explicitly asks the server to ensure that the configuration data is up-to-date wrt the hardware. If that requires polling, this is when such polling would take place. If the current configuration is all that's required, use RRGetScreenResourcesCurrent instead. ┌─── RRGetOutputInfo output: OUTPUT config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS timestamp: TIMESTAMP crtc: CRTC name: STRING connection: CONNECTION subpixel-order: SUBPIXELORDER widthInMillimeters, heightInMillimeters: CARD32 crtcs: LISTofCRTC clones: LISTofOUTPUT modes: LISTofMODE num-preferred: CARD16 └─── Errors: Output RRGetOutputInfo returns information about the current and available configurations 'output'. If 'config-timestamp' does not match the current configuration timestamp (as returned by RRGetScreenResources), 'status' is set to InvalidConfigTime and the remaining reply data is empty. Otherwise, 'status' is set to Success. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'crtc' is the current source CRTC for video data, or Disabled if the output is not connected to any CRTC. 'name' is a UTF-8 encoded string designed to be presented to the user to indicate which output this is. E.g. "S-Video" or "DVI". 'connection' indicates whether the hardware was able to detect a device connected to this output. If the hardware cannot determine whether something is connected, it will set this to UnknownConnection. 'subpixel-order' contains the resulting subpixel order of the connected device to allow correct subpixel rendering. 'widthInMillimeters' and 'heightInMillimeters' report the physical size of the displayed area. If unknown, or not really fixed (e.g., for a projector), these values are both zero. 'crtcs' is the list of CRTCs that this output may be connected to. Attempting to connect this output to a different CRTC results in a Match error. 'clones' is the list of outputs which may be simultaneously connected to the same CRTC along with this output. Attempting to connect this output with an output not in the 'clones' list results in a Match error. 'modes' is the list of modes supported by this output. Attempting to connect this output to a CRTC not using one of these modes results in a Match error. The first 'num-preferred' modes in 'modes' are preferred by the monitor in some way; for fixed-pixel devices, this would generally indicate which modes match the resolution of the output device. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, the 'connection' field will report Disconnected but the remaining fields will report information about the connected device. ┌─── RRListOutputProperties output:OUTPUT ▶ atoms: LISTofATOM └─── Errors: Output This request returns the atoms of properties currently defined on the output. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, the property list will be correct for the device, even though RRGetOutputInfo reports the device as disconnected. ┌─── RRQueryOutputProperty output: OUTPUT property: ATOM ▶ pending: BOOL range: BOOL immutable: BOOL valid-values: LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Name, Atom, Output If the specified property does not exist for the specified output, then a Name error is returned. If 'pending' is TRUE, changes made to property values with RRChangeOutputProperty will be saved in the pending property value and be automatically copied to the current value on the next RRSetCrtcConfig request involving the named output. If 'pending' is FALSE, changes are copied immediately. If 'range' is TRUE, then the valid-values list will contain precisely two values indicating the minimum and maximum allowed values. If 'range' is FALSE, then the valid-values list will contain the list of possible values; attempts to set other values will result in a Value error. If 'immutable' is TRUE, then the property configuration cannot be changed by clients. Immutable properties are interpreted by the X server. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, the property information will be correct for the device, even though RRGetOutputInfo reports the device as disconnected. ┌─── RRConfigureOutputProperty output: OUTPUT property: ATOM pending: BOOL range: BOOL valid-values: LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Access, Name, Atom, Output If the specified property is 'immutable', an Access error is returned. Otherwise, the configuration of the specified property is changed to the values provided in this request. If the specified property does not exist for the specified output, it is created with an empty value and None type. ┌─── RRChangeOutputProperty output: OUTPUT property, type: ATOM format: {8, 16, 32} mode: { Replace, Prepend, Append } data: LISTofINT8 or LISTofINT16 or LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Alloc, Atom, Match, Value, Output This request alters the value of the property for the specified output. If the property is marked as a 'pending' property, only the pending value of the property is changed. Otherwise, changes are reflected in both the pending and current values of the property. The type is uninterpreted by the server. The format specifies whether the data should be viewed as a list of 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit quantities so that the server can correctly byte-swap as necessary. If the mode is Replace, the previous property value is discarded. If the mode is Prepend or Append, then the type and format must match the existing property value (or a Match error results). If the property is undefined, it is treated as defined with the correct type and format with zero-length data. For Prepend, the data is tacked on to the beginning of the existing data, and for Append, it is tacked on to the end of the existing data. This request generates a OutputPropertyNotify The lifetime of a property is not tied to the storing client. Properties remain until explicitly deleted, until the output is destroyed, or until server reset (see section 10). The maximum size of a property is server-dependent and may vary dynamically. ┌─── RRDeleteOutputProperty output: OUTPUT property: ATOM └─── Errors: Atom, Output This request deletes the property from the specified window if the property exists and generates a OutputPropertyNotify event unless the property does not exist. ┌─── RRGetOutputProperty output: OUTPUT property: ATOM type: ATOM or AnyPropertyType long-offset, long-length: CARD32 delete: BOOL pending: BOOL ▶ type: ATOM or None format: {0, 8, 16, 32} bytes-after: CARD32 value: LISTofINT8 or LISTofINT16 or LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Atom, Value, Output If the specified property does not exist for the specified output, then the return type is None, the format and bytes-after are zero, and the value is empty. The delete argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property exists but its type does not match the specified type, then the return type is the actual type of the property, the format is the actual format of the property (never zero), the bytes-after is the length of the property in bytes (even if the format is 16 or 32), and the value is empty. The delete argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property exists and either AnyPropertyType is specified or the specified type matches the actual type of the property, then the return type is the actual type of the property, the format is the actual format of the property (never zero), and the bytes-after and value are as follows, given: N = actual length of the stored property in bytes (even if the format is 16 or 32) I = 4 × offset T = N - I L = MINIMUM(T, 4 × long-length) A = N - (I + L) If 'pending' is true, and if the property holds a pending value, then the value returned will be the pending value of the property rather than the current value. The returned value starts at byte index I in the property (indexing from 0), and its length in bytes is L. However, it is a Value error if long-offset is given such that L is negative. The value of bytes-after is A, giving the number of trailing unread bytes in the stored property. If delete is True and the bytes-after is zero, the property is also deleted from the output, and a RROutputPropertyNotify event is generated. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, the property value will be correct for the device, even though RRGetOutputInfo reports the device as disconnected. ┌─── RRCreateMode window: WINDOW modeinfo: MODEINFO ▶ mode: MODE └─── Errors: Window, Name, Value 'modeinfo' provides a new mode for outputs on the screen associated with 'window'. If the name of 'modeinfo' names an existing mode, a Name error is returned. If some parameter of the mode is not valid in some other way, a Value error is returned. The returned 'mode' provides the id for the mode. ┌─── RRDestroyMode mode: MODE └─── Errors: Mode, Access The user-defined 'mode' is destroyed. 'mode' must name a mode defined with RRCreateMode, else an Match error is returned. If 'mode' is in use by some CRTC or Output, then an Access error is returned. ┌─── RRAddOutputMode output: OUTPUT mode: MODE └─── Errors: Output, Mode, Match 'output' indicates which output is to be configured. 'mode' specifies which mode to add. If 'mode' is not valid for 'output', then a Match error is generated. This request generates OutputChangeNotify events. ┌─── RRDeleteOutputMode output: OUTPUT mode: MODE └─── Errors: Output, Mode 'output' indicates which output is to be configured. 'mode' specifies which mode to delete. 'mode' must have been added with RRAddOutputMode, else an Access error is returned. 'mode' must not be active, else a Match error is returned. This request generates OutputChangeNotify events. ┌─── RRGetCrtcInfo crtc: CRTC config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS timestamp: TIMESTAMP x, y: INT16 width, height: CARD16 mode: MODE rotation: ROTATION outputs: LISTofOUTPUT rotations: SETofROTATION possible-outputs: LISTofOUTPUT └─── Errors: Window RRGetCrtcInfo returns information about the current and available configurations for the specified crtc connected to the screen associated with 'window'. If 'config-timestamp' does not match the current configuration timestamp (as returned by RRGetScreenResources), 'status' is set to InvalidConfigTime and the remaining reply data is empty. Otherwise, 'status' is set to Success. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'x' and 'y' indicate the position of this CRTC within the screen region. They will be set to 0 when the CRTC is disabled. 'width' and 'height' indicate the size of the area within the screen presented by this CRTC. This may be different than the size of the mode due to rotation, the projective transform, and the Border property described below. They will be set to 0 when the CRTC is disabled. 'mode' indicates which mode is active, or None indicating that the CRTC has been disabled and is not displaying the screen contents. 'rotation' indicates the active rotation. It is set to Rotate_0 when the CRTC is disabled. 'outputs' is the list of outputs currently connected to this CRTC and is empty when the CRTC is disabled. 'rotations' contains the set of rotations and reflections supported by the CRTC. 'possible-outputs' lists all of the outputs which may be connected to this CRTC. ┌─── RRSetCrtcConfig crtc: CRTC timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP x, y: INT16 mode: MODE rotation: ROTATION outputs: LISTofOUTPUT ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS new-timestamp: TIMESTAMP └─── Errors: Value, Match If 'timestamp' is less than the time when the configuration was last successfully set, the request is ignored and InvalidTime returned in status. If 'config-timestamp' is not equal to when the monitor's configuration last changed, the request is ignored and InvalidConfigTime returned in status. This could occur if the monitor changed since you last made a RRGetScreenInfo request, perhaps by a different monitor being connected to the machine. Rather than allowing an incorrect call to be executed based on stale data, the server will ignore the request. 'x' and 'y' contain the desired location within the screen for this monitor's content. 'x' and 'y' must be within the screen size, else a Value error results. 'mode' is either the desired mode or None indicating the CRTC should be disabled. If 'mode' is not one of these values, a Value error results. 'mode' must be valid for all of the configured outputs, else a Match error. 'rotation' contains the desired rotation along with which reflections should be enabled. The rotation and reflection values must be among those allowed for this monitor, else a Value error results. 'outputs' contains the set of outputs that this CRTC should be connected to. The set must be among the list of acceptable output sets for this CRTC or a Match error results. If 'mode' is None, then 'outputs' must be empty, else a Match error results. Conversely, if 'mode' is not None, then 'outputs' must not be empty, else a Match error results. This request may fail for other indeterminate reasons, in which case 'status' will be set to Failed and no configuration change will be made. This request sets the CRTC to the specified position, mode, rotation and reflection. The entire area of the CRTC must fit within the screen size, else a Match error results. As an example, rotating the screen so that a single CRTC fills the entire screen before and after may necessitate disabling the CRTC, resizing the screen, then re-enabling the CRTC at the new configuration to avoid an invalid intermediate configuration. If panning is enabled, the width and height of the panning and the tracking areas are clamped to the new mode size. Disabled panning axes remain disabled. Panning borders are disabled if their requirements are no longer met (see RRSetPanning). When this request succeeds, 'status' contains Success and the requested changes to configuration will have been made. 'new-time-stamp' contains the time at which this request was executed. ┌─── RRGetCrtcGammaSize crtc: CRTC ▶ size: CARD16 └─── Errors: Crtc This request returns the size of the gamma ramps used by 'crtc'. ┌─── RRGetCrtcGamma crtc: CRTC ▶ red: LISTofCARD16 green: LISTofCARD16 blue: LISTofCARD16 └─── Errors: Crtc This request returns the currently set gamma ramps for 'crtc'. All three lists will be the size returned by the RRGetCrtcGammaSize request. ┌─── RRSetCrtcGamma crtc: CRTC red: LISTofCARD16 green: LISTofCARD16 blue: LISTofCARD16 └─── Errors: Crtc, Match This request sets the gamma ramps for 'crtc'. All three lists must be the size returned by RRGetCrtcGammaSize else a Value error results. 7.2. Extension Requests added in version 1.3 of the extension ┌─── RRGetScreenResourcesCurrent window: WINDOW ▶ timestamp: TIMESTAMP config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP crtcs: LISTofCRTC outputs: LISTofOUTPUT modes: LISTofMODEINFO └─── Errors: Window RRGetScreenResourcesCurrent returns the list of outputs and crtcs connected to the screen associated with 'window'. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'config-timestamp' indicates when the configuration information last changed. Requests to configure the output will fail unless the timestamp indicates that the information the client is using is up to date, to ensure clients can be well behaved in the face of race conditions. 'crtcs' contains the list of CRTCs associated with the screen. 'outputs' contains the list of outputs associated with the screen. 'modes' contains the list of modes associated with the screen. Unlike RRGetScreenResources, this merely returns the current configuration, and does not poll for hardware changes. ┌─── RRSetCrtcTransform crtc: CRTC transform: TRANSFORM filter: STRING8 values: LISTofFIXED └─── Errors: Crtc, Match This request provides a mechanism that is more general than the existing rotation and reflection values for describing the transformation from frame buffer image to crtc presentation. 'transform' is a full 2D projective transformation from screen coordinate space to crtc coordinate space. This transformation is applied before the rotation and reflection values to compute the complete transform. 'filter' and 'values' specify a Render filter that may be used by the server when transforming data from frame buffer to crtc. This request sets the transform to be used at the next RRSetCrtcConfig request execution; it does not cause any change to occur in the current configuration. When a non-identity transformation is in use, the rectangle returned by RRGetCrtcInfo defines the bounding rectangle of the screen that is projected to the crtc. It is this projected rectangle which must be within the area of the screen when the mode is set. ┌─── RRGetCrtcTransform crtc: CRTC ▶ pending-transform: TRANSFORM pending-filter: STRING8 pending-values: LISTofFIXED current-transform: TRANSFORM current-filter: STRING8 current-values: LISTofFIXED └─── This request returns the pending and current transforms for the specified CRTC. The pending transform will be the same as the current transform if no new pending transform has been set since the last call to RRSetCrtcConfig. ┌─── RRGetPanning crtc: CRTC ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS timestamp: TIMESTAMP left, top, width, height: CARD16 track_left, track_top, track_width, track_height: CARD16 border_left, border_top, border_right, border_bottom: INT16 └─── Errors: Crtc Version 1.3 adds panning support again. If multiple crtcs are active the panning behavior can be defined per crtc individually. RRGetPanning returns information about the currently set panning configuration for the specified crtc. If the CRTC does not support panning, all fields (except timestamp) will be 0. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. All other entries are explained for RRSetPanning. ┌─── RRSetPanning crtc: CRTC timestamp: TIMESTAMP left, top, width, height: CARD16 track_left, track_top, track_width, track_height: CARD16 border_left, border_top, border_right, border_bottom: INT16 ▶ status: RRCONFIGSTATUS new-timestamp: TIMESTAMP └─── Errors: Crtc, Match This request sets the panning parameters. As soon as panning is enabled, the CRTC position can change with every pointer move. RRCrtcChangeNotify events are sent to the clients requesting those. If 'timestamp' is less than the time when the configuration was last successfully set, the request is ignored and InvalidTime returned in status. ┌──┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳─────┬ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┐ │ ┃ CRTC ┃ │ │ ┃ ┃ │ │ │ ┃ X┃→ │ │ ┃ ┃ │ │ framebuffer │ ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ │ │ │ │ │panning area │ └───────────────────────┴ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┘ 'left', 'top', 'width', and 'height' contain the total panning area for this CRTC. 'width' has to be larger than or equal to the CRTC's width or 0, and 'left'+'width' must be within the screen size, else a Match error results. Equivalent restrictions for the height exist. 'width' or 'height' set to 0 indicate that panning should be disabled on the according axis. Setting 'width'/'height' to the CRTC's width/height will disable panning on the X/Y axis as well, but RRSetScreenSize will silently enable panning if the screen size is increased. This does not happen if set to 0. ┌────────┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┐ │ ┃ CRTC ┃ │ ┃ ┃ │ │ ┃ ┃ │ ┃ ┃ │ tracking area │ ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┫ X │ ↓ │ ↓ │ │panning area │ └───────────────────────┴ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┘ 'track_left', 'track_top', 'track_width', and 'track_height' contain the pointer area for which the panning region is updated. For normal use cases it should enclose the panning area minus borders, and is typically set to either the panning area minus borders, or to the total screen size. If set to the total screen size, the CRTC will pan in the remaining axis even if the pointer is outside the panning area on a different CRTC, as shown in the figure above. If the pointer is outside the tracking area, the CRTC will not pan. Zero can be used as an alias for the total screen size. ┌──┳━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┳────────────┐ │ ┃ CRTC ┃ │ │ ┃ ┃ │ │ ┃ ┃→ │ │ ┃ X←→┃ │ │ ┃ border_right │ │ ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ │ │ │ │panning area │ └──────────────────────────────┘ 'border_left', 'border_top', 'border_right', and 'border_bottom' define the distances from the CRTC borders that will activate panning if the pointer hits them. If the borders are 0, the screen will pan when the pointer hits the CRTC borders (behavior of pre-RandR Xserver panning). If the borders are positive, the screen will pan when the pointer gets close to the CRTC borders, if they are negative, the screen will only pan when the pointer is already way past the CRTC borders. Negative values might confuse users and disable panning to the very edges of the screen. Thus they are discouraged. border_left + border_right has to be lower or equal than the CRTC's width, else a Match error results. An equivalent restriction for the height exists. Screen size changes update the panning and the tracking areas to the new size. Both screen size changes and mode changes clamp these areas to the current CRTC size. In these cases panning borders are disabled if their requirements are no longer met. When this request succeeds, 'status' contains Success and the requested changes to configuration will have been made. 'new-time-stamp' contains the time at which this request was executed. ┌─── RRSetOutputPrimary window: WINDOW output: OUTPUT └─── Errors: Match, Output, Window RRSetOutputPrimary marks 'output' as the primary output for the screen with the same root window as 'window'. This output's CRTC will be sorted to the front of the list in Xinerama and RANDR geometry requests for the benefit of older applications. The default primary output is None, and None is a legal value to pass to RRSetOutputPrimary. This request is expected to be used by desktop environments to mark the screen that should hold the primary menu bar or panel. As this changes the logical layout of the screen, ConfigureNotify and RRScreenChangeNotify will be generated on the appropriate root window when the primary output is changed by this call. This request also generates RROutputChangeNotify events on the outputs that gained and lost primary status. If an output is disconnected asynchronously (eg. due to recabling), the primary status does not change, but RROutputChangeNotify events will be generated if the hardware is capable of detecting this; clients are expected to reconfigure if appropriate. If an output is deleted (eg. due to device hotplug), the server will act as though None was passed to RRSetOutputPrimary, including generating the appropriate events. ┌─── RRGetOutputPrimary window: WINDOW ▶ output: OUTPUT └─── Errors: Window RRGetOutputPrimary returns the primary output for the screen. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 7.4 Extension Requests added in version 1.4 of the extension. ┌─── RRGetProviders window : WINDOW ▶ timestamp: TIMESTAMP providers: LISTofPROVIDER └─── Errors: Window RRGetProviders returns the list of providers connected to the screen associated with 'window'. 'timestamp' indicates when the configuration was last set. 'providers' contains the list of PROVIDERs associated with the screen. ┌─── RRGetProviderInfo provider: PROVIDER ▶ capabilities: PROVIDER_CAPS name: STRING crtcs: LISTofCRTC outputs: LISTofOUTPUT associated_providers: LISTofPROVIDERS associated_provider_capability: LISTofPROVIDER_CAPS └─── Errors: Provider RRGetProviderInfo return information about the specified provider. The capabilities of the current provider are returned, along with the list of providers currently associated with this provider and the capability they are associated with. It also provides the list of crtcs and outputs that this provider is responsible for. 'name' is a UTF-8 encoded string to be presented to the user to indicate the device or driver supplied name. ┌─── RRSetProviderOffloadSink provider: PROVIDER sink_provider: PROVIDER config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP └─── Errors: Provider RRSetOffloadSink sets the offload sink for this provider to the specified provider. ┌─── RRSetProviderOutputSource provider: PROVIDER source_provider: PROVIDER config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP └─── Errors: Provider RRSetOutputSource sets the output source for this provider to the specified provider. ┌─── RRListProviderProperties provider:PROVIDERS ▶ atoms: LISTofATOM └─── Errors: Provider This request returns the atoms of properties currently defined on the provider. ┌─── RRQueryProviderProperty provider: PROVIDER property: ATOM ▶ pending: BOOL range: BOOL immutable: BOOL valid-values: LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Name, Atom, Provider If the specified property does not exist for the specified provider, then a Name error is returned. If 'pending' is TRUE, changes made to property values with RRChangeProviderProperty will be saved in the pending property value and be automatically copied to the current value on the next RRSetCrtcConfig request on a crtc attached to that provider. If 'pending' is FALSE, changes are copied immediately. If 'range' is TRUE, then the valid-values list will contain precisely two values indicating the minimum and maximum allowed values. If 'range' is FALSE, then the valid-values list will contain the list of possible values; attempts to set other values will result in a Value error. If 'immutable' is TRUE, then the property configuration cannot be changed by clients. Immutable properties are interpreted by the X server. ┌─── RRConfigureProviderProperty provider: PROVIDER property: ATOM pending: BOOL range: BOOL valid-values: LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Access, Name, Atom, Provider If the specified property is 'immutable', an Access error is returned. Otherwise, the configuration of the specified property is changed to the values provided in this request. If the specified property does not exist for the specified provider, it is created with an empty value and None type. ┌─── RRChangeProviderProperty provider: PROVIDER property, type: ATOM format: {8, 16, 32} mode: { Replace, Prepend, Append } data: LISTofINT8 or LISTofINT16 or LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Alloc, Atom, Match, Value, Provider This request alters the value of the property for the specified provider. If the property is marked as a 'pending' property, only the pending value of the property is changed. Otherwise, changes are reflected in both the pending and current values of the property. The type is uninterpreted by the server. The format specifies whether the data should be viewed as a list of 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit quantities so that the server can correctly byte-swap as necessary. If the mode is Replace, the previous property value is discarded. If the mode is Prepend or Append, then the type and format must match the existing property value (or a Match error results). If the property is undefined, it is treated as defined with the correct type and format with zero-length data. For Prepend, the data is tacked on to the beginning of the existing data, and for Append, it is tacked on to the end of the existing data. This request generates a ProviderPropertyNotify The lifetime of a property is not tied to the storing client. Properties remain until explicitly deleted, until the provider is destroyed, or until server reset (see section 10). The maximum size of a property is server-dependent and may vary dynamically. ┌─── RRDeleteProviderProperty provider: Provider property: ATOM └─── Errors: Atom, Provider This request deletes the property from the specified provider if the property exists and generates a ProviderPropertyNotify event unless the property does not exist. ┌─── RRGetProviderProperty provider: PROVIDER property: ATOM type: ATOM or AnyPropertyType long-offset, long-length: CARD32 delete: BOOL pending: BOOL ▶ type: ATOM or None format: {0, 8, 16, 32} bytes-after: CARD32 value: LISTofINT8 or LISTofINT16 or LISTofINT32 └─── Errors: Atom, Value, Provider If the specified property does not exist for the specified provider, then the return type is None, the format and bytes-after are zero, and the value is empty. The delete argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property exists but its type does not match the specified type, then the return type is the actual type of the property, the format is the actual format of the property (never zero), the bytes-after is the length of the property in bytes (even if the format is 16 or 32), and the value is empty. The delete argument is ignored in this case. If the specified property exists and either AnyPropertyType is specified or the specified type matches the actual type of the property, then the return type is the actual type of the property, the format is the actual format of the property (never zero), and the bytes-after and value are as follows, given: N = actual length of the stored property in bytes (even if the format is 16 or 32) I = 4 × offset T = N - I L = MINIMUM(T, 4 × long-length) A = N - (I + L) If 'pending' is true, and if the property holds a pending value, then the value returned will be the pending value of the property rather than the current value. The returned value starts at byte index I in the property (indexing from 0), and its length in bytes is L. However, it is a Value error if long-offset is given such that L is negative. The value of bytes-after is A, giving the number of trailing unread bytes in the stored property. If delete is True and the bytes-after is zero, the property is also deleted from the provider, and a RRProviderPropertyNotify event is generated. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 7.5. Extension Requests added in version 1.5 of the extension. ┌─── RRGetMonitors window : WINDOW get_active : BOOL ▶ timestamp: TIMESTAMP monitors: LISTofMONITORINFO └─── Errors: Window Returns the list of Monitors for the screen containing 'window'. If 'get_active' is set it returns only active monitors (non-0x0 monitors). 'get_active' should always be set by toolkits, and not by configuration clients. 'timestamp' indicates the server time when the list of monitors last changed. ┌─── RRSetMonitor window : WINDOW info: MONITORINFO └─── Errors: Window, Output, Atom, Value Create a new monitor. Any existing Monitor of the same name is deleted. 'name' must be a valid atom or an Atom error results. 'name' must not match the name of any Output on the screen, or a Value error results. If 'info.outputs' is non-empty, and if x, y, width, height are all zero, then the Monitor geometry will be dynamically defined to be the bounding box of the geometry of the active CRTCs associated with them. If 'name' matches an existing Monitor on the screen, the existing one will be deleted as if RRDeleteMonitor were called. If an 'info.output' contains only the automatically generated default monitor, this is replaced by the new monitor. If the 'info.output' already contains a user-defined monitor, the new monitor will be added. This allows to have more than one monitor on an output (e.g. to split an output into multiple virtual monitors). Only one monitor per screen may be primary. If 'info.primary' is true, then the primary value will be set to false on all other monitors on the screen. RRSetMonitor generates a ConfigureNotify event on the root window of the screen. ┌─── RRDeleteMonitor window : WINDOW name: ATOM └─── Errors: Window, Atom, Value Deletes the named Monitor. 'name' must be a valid atom or an Atom error results. 'name' must match the name of a Monitor on the screen, or a Value error results. If the last user-defined monitor is removed from an 'info.output', the automatically generated default monitor will be restored. It is not possible to delete the automatically generated default monitor. RRDeleteMonitor generates a ConfigureNotify event on the root window of the screen. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 7.6. Extension Requests added in version 1.6 of the extension. ┌─── RRCreateLease window : WINDOW lid: LEASE crtcs: LISTofCRTC outputs: LISTofOUTPUT ▶ nfd: CARD8 lease: FD └─── Errors: IdChoice, Window, Access, Value, CRTC, Output Creates a new Lease called 'lid' for the specified crtcs and outputs from the screen defined by 'window'. Returns a KMS/DRM file descriptor which can control the leased objects directly through the kernel. While leased, all resources will appear to be 'useless' to clients other than the leasing client as follows: • Crtcs are reported as having no 'possible-outputs' and all other values reported as if the crtc were disabled. • Outputs are reported as having no crtcs they can be connected to, no clones they can share a crtc with, will report a connection status of Disconnected, and will show the current crtc as if it were disabled. The lease remains in effect until the file descriptor is closed, even if the client holding the lease disconnects from the X server. Returns an Access error if any of the named resources are already leased to another client. ┌─── RRFreeLease lid: LEASE terminate: BOOL └─── Errors: Lease Frees the reference to the lease 'lid'. If 'terminate' is true, then the lease is terminated and all leased resources returned to the X server. If 'terminate' is false, then the lease remains in effect, but the X server no longer has a name for it. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 8. Extension Events Clients MAY select for ConfigureNotify on the root window to be informed of screen changes. This may be advantageous if all your client needs to know is the size of the root window, as it avoids round trips to set up the extension. RRScreenChangeNotify is sent if RRSelectInput has requested it whenever properties of the screen change, which may be due to external factors, such as re-cabling a monitor, etc. ┌─── RRScreenChangeNotify rotation: ROTATION; new rotation sequenceNumber: CARD16 low 16 bits of request seq. number timestamp: TIMESTAMP time screen was changed configTimestamp: TIMESTAMP time config data was changed root: WINDOW root window of screen window: WINDOW window requesting notification size-id: SIZEID index of new SCREENSIZE subpixelOrder: SUBPIXELORDER order of subpixels widthInPixels: CARD16 width in pixels of the new SCREENSIZE heightInPixels: CARD16 height in pixels of the new SCREENSIZE widthInMillimeters: CARD16 width in mm of the new SCREENSIZE heightInMillimeters: CARD16 height in mm of the new SCREENSIZE └─── This event is generated whenever the screen configuration is changed and sent to requesting clients. 'timestamp' indicates when the screen configuration was changed. 'configTimestamp' says when the last time the configuration was changed. 'root' is the root of the screen the change occurred on, 'window' is window selecting for this event. 'size-id' contains the index of the current size. This event is sent whenever the screen's configuration changes or if a new screen configuration becomes available that was not available in the past. In this case (config-timestamp in the event not being equal to the config-timestamp returned in the last call to RRGetScreenInfo), the client MUST call RRGetScreenInfo to update its view of possible screen configurations to have a correct view of possible screen organizations. Clients which select screen change notification events may be sent an event immediately if the screen configuration was changed between when they connected to the X server and selected for notification. This is to prevent a common race that might occur on log-in, where many applications start up just at the time when a display manager or log in script might be changing the screen size or configuration. Note that the sizes in this event reflect the new SCREENSIZE and thus will appear rotated by the 'rotation' parameter from the sizes of the screen itself. In other words, when rotation is 90 or 270, widthInPixels in this event will be the same as the height value from a ConfigureNotify that reflects the same size change. This will probably confuse developers. 8.1 Events added in version 1.2 of the RandR extension ┌─── RROutputChangeNotify: timestamp: TIMESTAMP time screen was reconfigured config-timestamp: TIMESTAMP time available config data was changed window: WINDOW window requesting notification output: OUTPUT output affected by change crtc: CRTC connected CRTC or None mode: MODE mode in use on CRTC or None connection: CONNECTION connection status └─── This event is generated whenever the available output configurations have changed and is sent to requesting clients. 'timestamp' indicates when the crtc configuration was changed by a client. 'config-timestamp' says when the last time the available configurations changed. 'root' is the root of the screen the change occurred on, 'window' is window selecting for this event. The precise change can be detected by examining the new state of the system. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, this event will be delivered when the connection status of the output changes, however the 'connection' value will be set to 'Disconnected'. ┌─── RROutputPropertyNotify: window: WINDOW window requesting notification output: OUTPUT output affected by change atom: ATOM affected property time: TIMESTAMP time property was changed subpixel-order: SUBPIXELORDER order of subpixels state: { NewValue, Deleted } new property state └─── This event is reported to clients selecting RROutputPropertyChange on the window and is generated with state NewValue when a property of the window is changed using RRChangeOutputProperty even when adding zero-length data and when replacing all or part of a property with identical data. It is generated with state Deleted when a property of the window is deleted using either RRDeleteOutputProperty or RRGetOutputProperty. The timestamp indicates the server time when the property was changed. ┌─── RRCrtcChangeNotify timestamp: TIMESTAMP time monitor was changed window: WINDOW window requesting notification crtc: CRTC CRTC which changed mode: MODE new mode rotation: ROTATION; new rotation x: INT16 x position of CRTC within screen y: INT16 y position of CRTC within screen width: CARD16 width of new configuration height: CARD16 height of new configuration └─── This event is generated whenever the CRTC configuration is changed and sent to requesting clients. 'timestamp' indicates when the CRTC configuration was changed. 'window' is window selecting for this event. 'mode' is the new mode, or None if the crtc is disabled. 'x' and 'y' mark the location in the screen where this CRTC is reading data. 'width' and 'height' indicate the size of the CRTC viewport, which is the mode size adjusted by the optional Border output property described below. 'x', 'y, 'width' and 'height' are all zero when 'mode' is None. This event is sent whenever the monitor's configuration changes or if a new monitor configuration becomes available that was not available in the past. In this case, the client MUST call RRGetCrtcInfo to update its view of possible monitor configurations to have a correct view of possible monitor organizations. Clients which select monitor change notification events may be sent an event immediately if the monitor configuration was changed between when they connected to the X server and selected for notification. This is to prevent a common race that might occur on log-in, where many applications start up just at the time when a display manager or log in script might be changing the monitor size or configuration. 8.2 Events added in version 1.4 of the RandR extension ┌─── RRProviderChangeNotify: timestamp: TIMESTAMP time screen was reconfigured window: WINDOW window requesting notification provider: PROVIDER provider affected by change └─── This event is generated whenever the role for a provider has changed and is sent to requesting clients. 'timestamp' indicates when the provider configuration was changed by a client. 'window' is the window selecting for this event. The precise change can be detected by examining the new state of the system. ┌─── RRProviderPropertyNotify: window: WINDOW window requesting notification provider: PROVIDER provider affected by change atom: ATOM affected property time: TIMESTAMP time property was changed state: { NewValue, Deleted } new property state └─── This event is reported to clients selecting RRProviderPropertyChange on the window and is generated with state NewValue when a property of the window is changed using RRChangeProviderProperty even when adding zero-length data and when replacing all or part of a property with identical data. It is generated with state Deleted when a property of the window is deleted using either RRDeleteProviderProperty or RRGetProviderProperty. The timestamp indicates the server time when the property was changed. ┌─── RRResourceChangeNotify: window: WINDOW window requesting notification time: TIMESTAMP time property was changed └─── This event is reported to clients selecting RRResourceChange on the window and is generated whenever the set of available RandR resources associated with the screen has changed, either created or destroyed. Querying the list of available resources with RRGetScreenResources and RRGetProviders will return the new set. 8.3 Events added in version 1.6 of the RandR extension ┌─── RRLeaseNotify: timestamp : TIMESTAMP time screen was reconfigured window : WINDOW window requesting notification lease : LEASE lease created : BOOL created/destroyed indicator └─── This event is generated whenever a lease has been created or destroyed and is sent to requesting clients. 'timestamp' indicates when the change happened. 'window' is the window selecting for this event. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 9. Properties Properties are used for output specific parameters, and for announcing static or rarely changing data. Announced data is typically immutable. Properties are also used for evaluating new parameters before adding them to the RandR protocol. The following properties are hereby declared official, and drivers SHOULD prefix driver specific properties with '_', unless they are planned to be added to this specification. List values, that are not declared by the table below, and will remain driver specific or are not planned to be added to this specification, SHOULD be prefixed with "_" as well in order to avoid name space or semantics clashes with future extensions of these values. Beginning with version 1.3 of the RandR extension, certain properties are mandatory and MUST be provided by implementations. Earlier versions of the RandR extension MAY provide these properties as well, as long as the semantics are not altered. Clients SHOULD fall back gracefully to lower version functionality, though, if the driver doesn't handle a mandatory property correctly. Changes in version 1.6 of the protocol: When a “non-desktop” device is connected, the property information will be correct for the device, even though RRGetOutputInfo reports the device as disconnected. The “non-desktop” property will be set to 1 for such devices and not present on other devices. 9.1 Known properties "Backlight" aka RR_PROPERTY_BACKLIGHT Type: INTEGER Format: 32 Num. items: 1 Flags: - Range/List: 0-x (driver specific) This property controls the brightness on laptop panels and equivalent displays with a backlight controller. The driver specific maximum value MUST turn the backlight to full brightness, 1 SHOULD turn the backlight to minimum brightness, 0 SHOULD turn the backlight off. "CloneList" aka RR_PROPERTY_CLONE_LIST Type: ATOM Format: 32 Num. items: 2*n Flags: Immutable Range/List: 0- Some combinations of outputs on some cards cannot be served independently from each other, because they are wired up to the same encoder outputs. This property lists all output + signal format pairs that are driven together with this output, and thus can only be programmed in clone mode with the same CRTC. This property MUST be symmetric, but may change with changing signal format. I.e. if the property for DVI-1/VGA specifies VGA-1/VGA to be cloned, VGA-1/VGA has to list DVI-1/VGA as well. Outputs / format pairs listed in this property MUST be included in the CompatibilityList. "CompatibilityList" aka RR_PROPERTY_COMPATIBILITY_LIST Type: ATOM Format: 32 Num items: 2*n Flags: Immutable Range/List: 0- Some combinations of outputs on some cards cannot be served at all, because the according encoder is only capable of driving one output at a time. This property lists all output + signal format pairs that can be driven together with this output. NULL atoms specify any output / any signal format, respectively. This property MUST be symmetric, but may change with changing signal format. I.e. if the property for DVI-1/TMDS specifies VGA-1/VGA to be available, VGA-1/VGA has to list DVI-1/TMDS as well. "ConnectorNumber" aka RR_PROPERTY_CONNECTOR_NUMBER Type: INTEGER Format: 32 Num items: 1 Flags: Immutable, Static Range/List: 0- Outputs that route their signal to the same connector MUST have the same connector number. Outputs with the same connector number MUST route their signal to the same connector, except if it is 0, which indicates unknown connectivity. 1 is called the primary connector, 2 the secondary. 3 is typically a TV connector, but that is completely driver / hardware dependent. Outputs with the same connector number SHOULD have the same connector type. Meaning and client behavior for mismatching connector types is undefined at the moment. "ConnectorType" aka RR_PROPERTY_CONNECTOR_TYPE Type: ATOM Format: 32 Num items: 1 Flags: Immutable, Static Range/List: unknown VGA DVI DVI‐I DVI‐A DVI‐D HDMI Panel TV TV-Composite TV-SVideo TV-Component TV-SCART TV-C4 DisplayPort Connector type, as far as known to the driver. Values with dashes (TV‐Composite) describe more specific versions of the base values (TV). The former SHOULD be used if the connector is not capable of producing other signal formats. The later SHOULD be used if the exact connector is unknown, or the connector is a multi‐format connector that is not described otherwise. DVI, for instance, SHOULD be handled like a DVI‐I connector, unless additional information is available to the user agent. PANEL describes laptop‐internal (normally LVDS) displays. TV, TV‐SCART, TV‐Component, and TV‐C4 with signal format VGA are valid combinations and describe RGB TV signals. "EDID" aka RR_PROPERTY_RANDR_EDID Type: INTEGER Format: 8 Num items: n Flags: Immutable Range/List: - Raw EDID data from the device attached to the according output. Should include main EDID data and all extension blocks. Previously known as EdidData. “non-desktop” aka RR_PROPERTY_NON_DESKTOP Type: INTEGER Format: 32 Num items: 1 Flags Immutable Range/List: 0-1 Indicates whether the device attached to this output should not be considered part of the normal desktop. When set to 0 or not present, the output should be presented as part of the desktop. When set to 1, the output should not be presented as part of the desktop. To not present an output as part of the desktop, the normal desktop environment should not be shown on this output, nor should desktop applications be positioned on it. When set to 1, RRGetOutputInfo will always report connection status Disconnected, but RROutputChangeNotify events will still be delivered when the connection status changes and all other information about the output and connected device will be reported correctly. "SignalFormat" aka RR_PROPERTY_SIGNAL_FORMAT Type: ATOM Format: 32 Num items: 1 Flags: - Range/List: unknown VGA TMDS LVDS Composite Composite-PAL Composite-NTSC Composite-SECAM SVideo Component DisplayPort Signal format / physical protocol format that is used for the specified output. valid-values lists all possible formats on this output, which SHOULD be a subset of the list above and MUST be static. Values with dashes (Composite-PAL) describe more specific versions of the base values (Composite) and SHOULD be used if known to the driver. A driver MAY change this property of an output if the underlying hardware indicates a protocol change (e.g. TV formats). Clients are allowed to change the signal format in order to select a different signal format (e.g. Composite etc.) or physical protocol (e.g. VGA or TMDS on DVI-I). Laptop panels SHOULD not be detected with this property, but rather by ConnectorType. "SignalProperties" aka RR_PROPERTY_SIGNAL_FORMAT Type: ATOM Format: 32 Num items: n Flags: - Range/List: For Composite signals: NTSC NTSC-M NTSC-J NTSC-N NTSC-4.43 NTSC-film PAL PAL-B PAL-G PAL-H PAL-H PAL-I PAL-M PAL-D PAL-N PAL-Nc PAL-L PAL-60 SECAM SECAM-L SECAM-B SECAM-G SECAM-D SECAM-K SECAM-H SECAM-K For TMDS signals: SingleLink DualLink For DisplayPort signals: Lane1 Lane2 Lane4 LowSpeed HiSpeed Properties of the signal format that is currently used for the specified output. valid-values lists all possible properties on this output, which SHOULD be a subset of the list above. It will change if SignalFormat changes. Multiple properties are allowed. Values with dashes (PAL-B) describe more specific versions of the base values (PAL) and SHOULD be used if known to the driver. A driver MAY change this property of an output if the underlying hardware indicates a signal change (e.g. TV formats). Clients are allowed to change the properties in order to select a different signal subformat. "Border" aka RR_PROPERTY_BORDER Type: CARDINAL Format: 16 Num items: 0, 1, 2, or 4 Flags: Immutable Range/List: 0- This property is a list of integers specifying adjustments for the edges of the displayed image. How this property is applied depends on the number of elements in the list: 0 = No border is applied 1 = A border of Border[0] is applied to all four sides of the image. 2 = A border of Border[0] is applied to the left and right sides of the image, and a border of Border[1] is applied to the top and bottom. 4 = The border dimensions are as follows: Border[0]: left Border[1]: top Border[2]: right Border[3]: bottom Note that how many configuration dimensions are actually supported is specified by the BorderDimensions property described below. If more than BorderDimensions values are specified, the extra values are ignored. These border dimensions shrink the region of pixels displayed by the CRTC by the corresponding number of rows or columns, and is applied after the CRTC transform. For example, a mode with a 1920x1080 active region, border dimensions of [ 10, 20, 30, 40 ], and a ½x scaling transform would display a rectangle of 940x510 pixels from the scanout pixmap scaled to 1880x1020 raster pixels positioned at (10, 20) in display raster space. Raster pixels in the border are black. This property is created with pending == TRUE, so changes are not applied immediately and instead take effect at the next RRSetCrtcConfig. If multiple outputs with different border settings are bound to the same CRTC when the configuration is changed, the behavior is undefined. If the length of the property is less than four when the CRTC is configured, the missing values are assumed to be zero. If the length is greater than four, the extra values are ignored. If the width of the mode is less than or equal to the sum of the left and right borders, then the left and right border settings are ignored. Likewise, if the height of the mode is less than or equal to the sum of the top and bottom borders, the top and bottom borders are ignored. "BorderDimensions" aka RR_PROPERTY_BORDER_DIMENSIONS Type: CARDINAL Format: 8 Num items: 1 Flags: Immutable, Static Range/List: 0, 1, 2, or 4 This property lists how many border adjustment parameters can actually be used: 0 = no borders are supported 1 = a single border value is applied to all four sides of the image 2 = left/right and top/bottom borders can be specified independently 4 = all four borders can be specified independently "GUID" aka RR_PROPERTY_GUID Type: INTEGER Format: 8 Num items: 16 Flags: Immutable Range/List: - Some display devices, such as DisplayPort 1.2 devices, have globally unique identifiers. When such an identifier is available, this property contains its raw bytes. "TILE" aka RR_PROPERTY_RANDR_TILE Type: INTEGER Format: 32 Num items: 8 Flags: Immutable Range/List: - Tile monitors have an array of values describing the tiling, based on DisplayID v1.3 The 8 elements are: 0: group id - The tile group identifier 1: flags - flags for tile group 0x1 = single monitor enclosure 2: number of horizontal tiles in tile group 3: number of vertical tiles in tile group 4: horizontal tile location for this tile 5: vertical tile location for this tile 6: horizontal tile size for this tile 7: vertical tile size for this tile 9.2 Properties introduced with version 1.2 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── EDID yes n/a EDID is provided by the RandR frontend, thus not driver specific. 9.3 Properties introduced with version 1.3 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── CloneList yes not mandatory CompatibilityList yes not mandatory ConnectorNumber yes: static not mandatory ConnectorType yes: static RandR 1.3 SignalFormat no RandR 1.3 SignalProperties no not mandatory 9.4 Properties introduced with version 1.3.1 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── Backlight no not mandatory 9.5 Properties introduced with version 1.4.0 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── Border yes not mandatory BorderDimensions yes: static not mandatory 9.6 Properties introduced with version 1.4.1 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── GUID yes not mandatory 9.7 Properties introduced with version 1.5 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── TILE yes not mandatory 9.8 Properties introduced with version 1.6 of the RandR extension Property Immutable Mandatory since ──────── ───────── ─────────────── non-desktop yes not mandatory ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 10. Extension Versioning The RandR extension was developed in parallel with the implementation to ensure the feasibility of various portions of the design. As portions of the extension are implemented, the version number of the extension has changed to reflect the portions of the standard provided. This document describes the version 1.4 of the specification, the partial implementations have version numbers less than that. Here's a list of what each version provided: 0.0: This prototype implemented resize and rotation in the TinyX server Used approximately the protocol described in the Usenix paper. Appeared in the TinyX server in XFree86 4.2, but not in the XFree86 main server. 0.1: Added subpixel order, added an event for subpixel order. This version was never checked in to XFree86 CVS. 1.0: Implements resize, rotation, and reflection. Implemented both in the XFree86 main server (size change only at this date), and fully (size change, rotation, and reflection) in XFree86's TinyX server. 1.1: Added refresh rates 1.2: Separate screens from CRTCs and outputs, switch to full VESA modes 1.3: Added cheap version of RRGetScreenResources. Added CRTC transformations. Added panning. Added primary outputs. Added standard properties. 1.4: Added provider objects for handling multi-GPU systems. 1.5: Added Monitors 1.6: Added Leases and non-desktop output information. Compatibility between 0.0 and 1.0 was *NOT* preserved, and 0.0 clients will fail against 1.0 servers. The wire encoding op-codes were changed for GetScreenInfo to ensure this failure in a relatively graceful way. Version 1.1 servers and clients are cross compatible with 1.0. Version 1.1 is considered to be stable and we intend upward compatibility from this point. Version 1.2 offers an extended model of the system with multiple output support. Version 1.3 adds a cheap version of GetScreenResources to avoid expensive DDC operations, CRTC transformations, panning, and the primary output concept. Versions 1.2 through 1.6 are backward-compatible with 1.1. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ 11. Relationship with other extensions Two other extensions have a direct relationship with this extension. This section attempts to explain how these three are supposed to work together. 11.1 XFree86-VidModeExtension XFree86-VidModeExtension changes the configuration of a single monitor attached to the screen without changing the configuration of the screen itself. It provides the ability to specify new mode lines for the server to use along with selecting among existing mode lines. As it uses screen numbers instead of window identifiers, it can be used to affect multiple monitors in a single-screen Xinerama configuration. However, the association between screen numbers and root windows in a multi-Screen environment is not defined by the extension. Version 2.0 of this extension added the ability to adjust the DAC values in a TrueColor server to modify the brightness curves of the display. All of the utility of this extension is subsumed by RandR version 1.2, RandR should be used in preference to XFree86-VidModeExtension where both are present. 11.2 Xinerama Xinerama provides a mechanism for describing the relationship between the overall screen display and monitors placed within that area. As such, it provides the query functionality of RandR 1.2 without any of the configuration functionality. Applications using Xinerama to discover monitor geometry can continue to do so, with the caveat that they will not be informed of changes when they occur. However, Xinerama configuration data will be updated, so applications selecting for RandR notification and re-querying the configuration with the Xinerama extension will get updated information. It is probably better to view RandR as a superset of Xinerama at this point and use it in preference to Xinerama where both are present. ❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧❧ Appendix A. Protocol Encoding Syntactic Conventions This document uses the same syntactic conventions as the core X protocol encoding document. A.1 Common Types ┌─── ROTATION 0x0001 Rotate_0 0x0002 Rotate_90 0x0004 Rotate_180 0x0008 Rotate_270 0x0010 Reflect_X 0x0020 Reflect_Y └─── Used to encode both sets of possible rotations and individual selected rotations. ┌─── RRSELECTMASK 0x0001 ScreenChangeNotifyMask 0x0002 CrtcChangeNotifyMask Added in version 1.2 0x0004 OutputChangeNotifyMask Added in version 1.2 0x0008 OutputPropertyNotifyMask Added in version 1.2 0x0010 ProviderChangeNotifyMask Added in version 1.4 0x0020 ProviderPropertyNotifyMask Added in version 1.4 0x0040 ResourceChangeNotifyMask Added in version 1.4 0x0080 LeaseNotifyMask Added in version 1.6 └─── Event select mask for RRSelectInput ┌─── RRCONFIGSTATUS 0x0 Success 0x1 InvalidConfigTime 0x2 InvalidTime 0x3 Failed └─── Return status for requests which depend on time. ┌─── MODEINFO (32) Added in version 1.2 4 CARD32 id 2 CARD16 width in pixels 2 CARD16 height in pixels 4 CARD32 dot clock 2 CARD16 h sync start 2 CARD16 h sync end 2 CARD16 h total 2 CARD16 h skew 2 CARD16 v sync start 2 CARD16 v sync end 2 CARD16 v total 2 CARD16 name length 4 SETofMODEFLAG mode flags └─── An output mode specifies the complete CRTC timings for a specific mode. The vertical and horizontal synchronization rates can be computed given the dot clock and the h total/v total values. If the dot clock is zero, then all of the timing parameters and flags are not used, and must be zero as this indicates that the timings are unknown or otherwise unused. The name itself will be encoded separately in each usage. ┌─── MODEFLAG 0x00000001 HSyncPositive 0x00000002 HSyncNegative 0x00000004 VSyncPositive 0x00000008 VSyncNegative 0x00000010 Interlace 0x00000020 DoubleScan 0x00000040 CSync 0x00000080 CSyncPositive 0x00000100 CSyncNegative 0x00000200 HSkewPresent 0x00000400 BCast 0x00000800 PixelMultiplex 0x00001000 DoubleClock 0x00002000 ClockDivideBy2 └─── ┌─── CONNECTION 0 Connected 1 Disconnected 2 UnknownConnection └─── ┌─── PROVIDER_CAPS Added in version 1.4 0x00000001 SourceOutput 0x00000002 SinkOutput 0x00000004 SourceOffload 0x00000008 SinkOffload └─── A.1.1 Common Types added in version 1.5 of the protocol ┌─── MONITORINFO (16 + 4*n) 4 ATOM name 1 BOOL primary 1 BOOL automatic 2 CARD16 noutputs 2 INT16 x 2 INT16 y 2 CARD16 width in pixels 2 CARD16 height in pixels 4 CARD32 width in millimeters 4 CARD32 height in millimeters 4*n OUTPUT outputs └─── A.2 Protocol Requests Opcodes 1 and 3 were used in the 0.0 protocols, and will return errors if used in version 1.0. ┌─── RRQueryVersion 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 0 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 CARD32 major version 4 CARD32 minor version ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 1 CARD32 major version 1 CARD32 minor version └─── ┌─── RRSetScreenConfig 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 2 RandR opcode 2 6 length 4 WINDOW window on screen to be configured 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP config timestamp 2 SIZEID size index 2 ROTATION rotation/reflection 2 CARD16 refresh rate (1.1 only) 2 CARD16 pad ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP new timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP new configuration timestamp 4 WINDOW root 2 SUBPIXELORDER subpixel order defined in Render 2 CARD16 pad4 4 CARD32 pad5 4 CARD32 pad6 └─── ┌─── RRSelectInput 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 4 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 WINDOW window 2 SETofRRSELECTMASK enable 2 CARD16 pad └─── ┌─── RRGetScreenInfo 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 5 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 CARD8 set of Rotations 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 4 WINDOW root window 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP config timestamp 2 CARD16 number of SCREENSIZE following 2 SIZEID current size index 2 ROTATION current rotation and reflection 2 CARD16 current rate (added in version 1.1) 2 CARD16 length of rate info (number of CARD16s) 2 CARD16 pad SCREENSIZE 2 CARD16 width in pixels 2 CARD16 height in pixels 2 CARD16 width in millimeters 2 CARD16 height in millimeters REFRESH 2 CARD16 number of rates (n) 2n CARD16 rates └─── A.2.1 Protocol Requests added with version 1.2 ┌─── RRGetScreenSizeRange 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 6 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 2 CARD16 minWidth 2 CARD16 minHeight 2 CARD16 maxWidth 2 CARD16 maxHeight 16 unused └─── ┌─── RRSetScreenSize 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 7 RandR opcode 2 5 length 4 WINDOW window 2 CARD16 width 2 CARD16 height 4 CARD32 width in millimeters 4 CARD32 height in millimeters └─── ┌─── RRGetScreenResources 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 8 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 c+o+8m+(b+p)/4 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP config-timestamp 2 c number of CRTCs 2 o number of outputs 2 m number of modeinfos 2 b total bytes in mode names 8 unused 4c LISTofCRTC crtcs 4o LISTofOUTPUT outputs 32m LISTofMODEINFO modeinfos b STRING8 mode names p unused, p=pad(b) └─── ┌─── RRGetOutputInfo 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 9 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 OUTPUT output 4 TIMESTAMP config-timestamp ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 1+c+m+(n+p)/4 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 CRTC current connected crtc 4 CARD32 width in millimeters 4 CARD32 height in millimeters 1 CONNECTION connection 1 SUBPIXELORDER subpixel-order 2 c number of CRTCs 2 m number of modes 2 p number of preferred modes 2 o number of clones 2 n length of name 4c LISTofCRTC crtcs 4m LISTofMODE modes 4o LISTofOUTPUT clones n STRING8 name p unused, p=pad(n) └─── ┌─── RRListOutputProperties 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 10 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 OUTPUT output ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 n reply length 2 n number of ATOMs in atoms 22 unused 4n LISTofATOM atoms └─── ┌─── RRQueryOutputProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 11 RandR opcode 2 3 request length 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM property ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 n reply length 1 BOOL pending 1 BOOL range 1 BOOL immutable 21 unused 4n LISTofINT32 valid values └─── ┌─── RRConfigureOutputProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 12 RandR opcode 2 4+n request length 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM property 1 BOOL pending 1 BOOL range 2 unused 4n LISTofINT32 valid values └─── ┌─── RRChangeOutputProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 13 RandR opcode 2 6+(n+p)/4 request length 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM property 4 ATOM type 1 CARD8 format 1 mode 0 Replace 1 Prepend 2 Append 2 unused 4 CARD32 length of data in format units (= n for format = 8) (= n/2 for format = 16) (= n/4 for format = 32) n LISTofBYTE data (n is a multiple of 2 for format = 16) (n is a multiple of 4 for format = 32) p unused, p=pad(n) └─── ┌─── RRDeleteOutputProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 14 RandR opcode 2 3 request length 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM property └─── ┌─── RRGetOutputProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 15 RandR opcode 2 7 request length 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM property 4 ATOM type 0 AnyPropertyType 4 CARD32 long-offset 4 CARD32 long-length 1 BOOL delete 1 BOOL pending 2 unused ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 CARD8 format 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 (n+p)/4 reply length 4 ATOM type 0 None 4 CARD32 bytes-after 4 CARD32 length of value in format units (= 0 for format = 0) (= n for format = 8) (= n/2 for format = 16) (= n/4 for format = 32) 12 unused n LISTofBYTE value (n is zero for format = 0) (n is a multiple of 2 for format = 16) (n is a multiple of 4 for format = 32) p unused, p=pad(n) └─── ┌─── RRCreateMode 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 16 RandR opcode 2 10+(n+p)/4 length 4 WINDOW window 32 MODEINFO mode n STRING8 mode name p unused, p=pad(n) ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 4 MODE mode 20 unused └─── ┌─── RRDestroyMode 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 17 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 MODE mode └─── ┌─── RRAddOutputMode 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 18 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 OUTPUT output 4 MODE mode └─── ┌─── RRDeleteOutputMode 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 19 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 OUTPUT output 4 MODE mode └─── ┌─── RRGetCrtcInfo 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 20 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 CRTC crtc 4 TIMESTAMP config-timestamp ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 o+p reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 2 INT16 x 2 INT16 y 2 CARD16 width 2 CARD16 height 4 MODE mode 2 ROTATION current rotation and reflection 2 ROTATION set of possible rotations 2 o number of outputs 2 p number of possible outputs 4o LISTofOUTPUT outputs 4p LISTofOUTPUT possible outputs └─── ┌─── RRSetCrtcConfig 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 21 RandR opcode 2 7+n length 4 CRTC crtc 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP config timestamp 2 INT16 x 2 INT16 y 4 MODE mode 2 ROTATION rotation/reflection 2 unused 4n LISTofOUTPUT outputs ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP new timestamp 20 unused └─── ┌─── RRGetCrtcGammaSize 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 22 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 CRTC crtc ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 2 CARD16 size 22 unused └─── ┌─── RRGetCrtcGamma 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 23 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 CRTC crtc ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 (6n+p)/4 reply length 2 n size 20 unused 2n LISTofCARD16 red 2n LISTofCARD16 green 2n LISTofCARD16 blue p unused, p=pad(6n) └─── ┌─── RRSetCrtcGamma 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 24 RandR opcode 2 3+(6n+p)/4 length 4 CRTC crtc 2 n size 2 unused 2n LISTofCARD16 red 2n LISTofCARD16 green 2n LISTofCARD16 blue p unused, p=pad(6n) └─── A.2.2 Protocol Requests added with version 1.3 ┌─── RRGetScreenResourcesCurrent 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 25 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 c+o+8m+(b+p)/4 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP config-timestamp 2 c number of CRTCs 2 o number of outputs 2 m number of modeinfos 2 b total bytes in mode names 8 unused 4c LISTofCRTC crtcs 4o LISTofOUTPUT outputs 32m LISTofMODEINFO modeinfos b STRING8 mode names p unused, p=pad(b) └─── ┌─── RRSetCrtcTransform 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 26 RandR opcode 2 12+(n+p)/4+v length 4 CRTC crtc 36 TRANSFORM transform 2 CARD16 filter length 2 unused n STRING8 filter name p unused, p=pad(n) 4v FIXED filter params └─── ┌─── RRGetCrtcTransform 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 27 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 CRTC crtc ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 16+(pn+pnp)/4+(cn+cnp)/4+pf+cf reply length 36 TRANSFORM pending transform 1 BOOL has transforms 3 unused 36 TRANSFORM current transform 4 unused 2 pn pending filter name length 2 pf pending filter num params 2 cn current filter name length 2 cf current filter num params pn STRING8 pending filter name pnp unused, pnp=pad(pn) 4*pf FIXED pending filter params cn STRING8 current filter name cnp unused, cnp=pad(cn) 4*cf FIXED current filter params └─── ┌─── RRGetPanning 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 28 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 CRTC crtc ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 1 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 2 CARD16 left 2 CARD16 top 2 CARD16 width 2 CARD16 height 2 CARD16 track_left 2 CARD16 track_top 2 CARD16 track_width 2 CARD16 track_height 2 INT16 border_left 2 INT16 border_top 2 INT16 border_right 2 INT16 border_bottom └─── ┌─── RRSetPanning 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 29 RandR opcode 2 9 length 4 CRTC crtc 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 2 CARD16 left 2 CARD16 top 2 CARD16 width 2 CARD16 height 2 CARD16 track_left 2 CARD16 track_top 2 CARD16 track_width 2 CARD16 track_height 2 INT16 border_left 2 INT16 border_top 2 INT16 border_right 2 INT16 border_bottom ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 0 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP new timestamp 20 unused └─── ┌─── RRSetOutputPrimary 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 30 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 WINDOW window 4 OUTPUT output └─── ┌─── RRGetOutputPrimary 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 31 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 CARD32 length 4 OUTPUT output 4 CARD32 pad1 4 CARD32 pad2 4 CARD32 pad3 4 CARD32 pad4 └─── A.2.3 Protocol Requests added with version 1.4 ┌─── RRGetProviders 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 32 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 p length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 2 p number of Providers 18 unused 4p LISTofPROVIDERS providers └─── ┌─── RRGetProviderInfo 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 33 RandR opcode 2 3 length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 TIMESTAMP config-timestamp ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 RRCONFIGSTATUS status 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 1+c+o+(a*2)+(n+p)/4 reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 CARD32 capabilities 2 c number of crtcs 2 o number of outputs 2 a number of associated providers 2 n length of name 8 unused 4c LISTofCRTC crtcs 4o LISTofOUTPUT outputs 4a LISTofPROVIDER associated providers 4a CARD32 associated provider capability n STRING8 name p unused, p=pad(n) └─── ┌─── RRSetProviderOffloadSink 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 34 RandR opcode 2 4 length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 PROVIDER offload sink provider 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp └─── ┌─── RRSetProviderOutputSource 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 35 RandR opcode 2 4 length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 PROVIDER output source provider 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp └─── ┌─── RRListProviderProperties 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 36 RandR opcode 2 2 length 4 PROVIDER provider ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 n reply length 2 n number of ATOMs in atoms 22 unused 4n LISTofATOM atoms └─── ┌─── RRQueryProviderProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 37 RandR opcode 2 3 request length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM property ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 n reply length 1 BOOL pending 1 BOOL range 1 BOOL immutable 21 unused 4n LISTofINT32 valid values └─── ┌─── RRConfigureProviderProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 38 RandR opcode 2 4+n request length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM property 1 BOOL pending 1 BOOL range 2 unused 4n LISTofINT32 valid values └─── ┌─── RRChangeProviderProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 39 RandR opcode 2 6+(n+p)/4 request length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM property 4 ATOM type 1 CARD8 format 1 mode 0 Replace 1 Prepend 2 Append 2 unused 4 CARD32 length of data in format units (= n for format = 8) (= n/2 for format = 16) (= n/4 for format = 32) n LISTofBYTE data (n is a multiple of 2 for format = 16) (n is a multiple of 4 for format = 32) p unused, p=pad(n) └─── ┌─── RRDeleteProviderProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 40 RandR opcode 2 3 request length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM property └─── ┌─── RRGetProviderProperty 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 41 RandR opcode 2 7 request length 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM property 4 ATOM type 0 AnyPropertyType 4 CARD32 long-offset 4 CARD32 long-length 1 BOOL delete 1 BOOL pending 2 unused ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 CARD8 format 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 (n+p)/4 reply length 4 ATOM type 0 None 4 CARD32 bytes-after 4 CARD32 length of value in format units (= 0 for format = 0) (= n for format = 8) (= n/2 for format = 16) (= n/4 for format = 32) 12 unused n LISTofBYTE value (n is zero for format = 0) (n is a multiple of 2 for format = 16) (n is a multiple of 4 for format = 32) p unused, p=pad(n) └─── A.2.4 Protocol Requests added with version 1.5 ┌─── RRGetMonitors 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 42 RandR opcode 2 2 request length 4 WINDOW window ▶ 1 1 Reply 1 unused 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 6*n + o reply length 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 n nmonitors 4 o noutputs 12 unused n*24+o*4 LISTofMONITORINFO monitors └─── ┌─── RRSetMonitor 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 43 RandR opcode 2 6 + o request length 4 WINDOW window 24+o MONITORINFO monitorinfo └─── ┌─── RRDeleteMonitor 1 CARD8 major opcode 1 44 RandR opcode 2 3 request length 4 WINDOW window 4 ATOM name └─── A.3 Protocol Events ┌─── RRScreenChangeNotify 1 Base + 0 code 1 ROTATION new rotation and reflection 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP configuration timestamp 4 WINDOW root window 4 WINDOW request window 2 SIZEID size ID 2 SUBPIXELORDER subpixel order defined in Render 2 CARD16 width in pixels 2 CARD16 height in pixels 2 CARD16 width in millimeters 2 CARD16 height in millimeters └─── A.3.1 Protocol Events added with version 1.2 ┌─── RRCrtcChangeNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 0 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 WINDOW request window 4 CRTC crtc affected 4 MODE mode in use 2 ROTATION new rotation and reflection 2 unused 2 INT16 x 2 INT16 y 2 CARD16 width 2 CARD16 height └─── ┌─── RROutputChangeNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 1 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 TIMESTAMP configuration timestamp 4 WINDOW request window 4 OUTPUT output affected 4 CRTC crtc in use 4 MODE mode in use 2 ROTATION rotation in use 1 CONNECTION connection status 1 SUBPIXELORDER subpixel order └─── ┌─── RROutputPropertyNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 2 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 WINDOW window 4 OUTPUT output 4 ATOM atom 4 TIMESTAMP time 1 state 0 NewValue 1 Deleted 11 unused └─── A.3.2 Protocol Events added with version 1.4 ┌─── RRProviderChangeNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 3 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 TIMESTAMP timestamp 4 WINDOW request window 4 PROVIDER provider affected 16 unused └─── ┌─── RRProviderPropertyNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 4 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 WINDOW window 4 PROVIDER provider 4 ATOM atom 4 TIMESTAMP time 1 state 0 NewValue 1 Deleted 11 unused └─── ┌─── RRResourceChangeNotify 1 Base + 1 code 1 5 sub-code 2 CARD16 sequence number 4 TIMESTAMP time 4 WINDOW window 20 unused └─── A.4 Protocol Errors ┌─── ERRORS Base + 0 Output Base + 1 Crtc Base + 2 Mode Base + 3 Provider └─── Bibliography [RANDR] Gettys, Jim and Keith Packard, "The X Resize and Rotate Extension - RandR", Proceedings of the 2001 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, Boston, MA [RENDER] Packard, Keith, "The X Rendering Extension", work in progress, https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/proto/xorgproto/raw/master/renderproto.txt